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[Back to 1 Perceivable index](index.md)
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# 1.3.2 Meaningful Sequence
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- Level: A
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- Guideline: 1.3 Adaptable
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- Principle: 1 Perceivable
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## What it is
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When the sequence in which content is presented affects its meaning, a correct reading sequence can be programmatically determined.
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## How to test
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- Check: When the sequence in which content is presented affects its meaning, a correct reading sequence can be programmatically determined.
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- Use the sufficient techniques below as acceptable methods when applicable.
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- Confirm none of the common failures apply.
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## Sufficient techniques (W3C)
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- G57: Ordering the content in a meaningful sequence
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- H34: Using a Unicode right-to-left mark (RLM) or left-to-right mark (LRM) to mix text direction inline
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- H56: Using the dir attribute on an inline element to resolve problems with nested directional runs
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- C6: Positioning content based on structural markup
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- C8: Using CSS letter-spacing to control spacing within a word
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- C27: Making the DOM order match the visual order
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- PDF3: Ensuring correct tab and reading order in PDF documents
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## Common failures (W3C)
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- F34: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to format tables in plain text content
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- F33: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.1 and 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to create multiple columns in plain text content
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- F32: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to using white space characters to control spacing within a word
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- F49: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to using an HTML layout table that does not make sense when linearized
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- F1: Failure of Success Criterion 1.3.2 due to changing the meaning of content by positioning information with CSS
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## Resources
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- WCAG 2.2 SC: https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#meaningful-sequence
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- Understanding: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/meaningful-sequence.html
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- Quick reference: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/quickref/?versions=2.2#meaningful-sequence
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[Back to 1 Perceivable index](index.md)
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