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+[Back to 2 Operable index](index.md)
+
+# 2.1.1 Keyboard
+
+- Level: A
+- Guideline: 2.1 Keyboard Accessible
+- Principle: 2 Operable
+
+## What it is
+
+All functionality of the content is operable through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes, except where the underlying function requires input that depends on the path of the user's movement and not just the endpoints.
+
+## How to test
+
+- Check: All functionality of the content is operable through a keyboard interface without requiring specific timings for individual keystrokes, except where the underlying function requires input that depends on the path of the user's movement and not just the endpoints.
+- Use the sufficient techniques below as acceptable methods when applicable.
+- Confirm none of the common failures apply.
+
+## Sufficient techniques (W3C)
+
+- G202: Ensuring keyboard control for all functionality
+- H91: Using HTML form controls and links
+- PDF3: Ensuring correct tab and reading order in PDF documents
+- PDF11: Providing links and link text using the Link annotation and the /Link structure element in PDF documents
+- PDF23: Providing interactive form controls in PDF documents
+- G90: Providing keyboard-triggered event handlers
+- SCR20: Using both keyboard and other device-specific functions
+- SCR35: Making actions keyboard accessible by using the onclick event of anchors and buttons
+- SCR2: Using redundant keyboard and mouse event handlers
+
+## Advisory techniques (W3C)
+
+- Using WAI-ARIA role, state, and value attributes if repurposing static elements as interactive user interface components (future link)
+- SCR29: Adding keyboard-accessible actions to static HTML elements
+
+## Common failures (W3C)
+
+- F54: Failure of Success Criterion 2.1.1 due to using only pointing-device-specific event handlers (including gesture) for a function
+- F55: Failure of Success Criteria 2.1.1, 2.4.7, 2.4.13, and 3.2.1 due to using script to remove focus when focus is received
+- F42: Failure of Success Criteria 1.3.1, 2.1.1, 2.1.3, or 4.1.2 when emulating links
+
+## Notes
+
+- Note 1: This exception relates to the underlying function, not the input technique. For example, if using handwriting to enter text, the input technique (handwriting) requires path-dependent input but the underlying function (text input) does not.
+- Note 2: This does not forbid and should not discourage providing mouse input or other input methods in addition to keyboard operation.
+
+## Resources
+
+- WCAG 2.2 SC: https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#keyboard
+- Understanding: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/keyboard.html
+- Quick reference: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/quickref/?versions=2.2#keyboard
+
+[Back to 2 Operable index](index.md)