WCAG/3-understandable/3.2.1-on-focus.md

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3.2.1 On Focus

• Level: A
• Guideline: 3.2 Predictable
• Principle: 3 Understandable

What it is

When any user interface component receives focus, it does not initiate a change of context.

How to test

• Check: When any user interface component receives focus, it does not initiate a change of context.
• Use the sufficient techniques below as acceptable methods when applicable.
• Confirm none of the common failures apply.

Sufficient techniques (W3C)

• G107: Using "activate" rather than "focus" as a trigger for changes of context

Advisory techniques (W3C)

• G200: Opening new windows and tabs from a link only when necessary
• G201: Giving users advanced warning when opening a new window

Common failures (W3C)

• F55: Failure of Success Criteria 2.1.1, 2.4.7, 2.4.13, and 3.2.1 due to using script to remove focus when focus is received

Resources

• WCAG 2.2 SC: https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#on-focus
• Understanding: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/Understanding/on-focus.html
• Quick reference: https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG22/quickref/?versions=2.2#on-focus

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